HURRICANE HUGO . [28] Power and water distillation facilities operated by the Virgin Islands Water & Power Authority west of the city were disabled by the storm. Office History Timeline Moderate rains, peaking at 5.67 in (144 mm) in La Médaille, led to some mudslides. [5][24], Across both Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, 217 shelters were opened; over 161,000 people sought refuge in these shelters. As I drove to work and saw the trees bending in the wind, I really felt vulnerable and thought I had waited too long to get to work. Coastal bird populations in South Carolina were forced 200 mi (320 km) inland. [103] However, the lack of infrastructure near the refuge significantly reduced the damage wrought by Hugo's strongest winds. [76] Structural and water damage was sustained by hotels. Changes in broader weather patterns caused Hugo to take an accelerated northwestward trajectory towards the Southeastern U.S., culminating in Hugo's landfall on Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, as a Category 4 hurricane on September 22. [27] A housing development near the Benjamín Rivera Noriega Airport was completely destroyed. Climate Plots [128] Numerous creeks overflowed their banks in northeastern Ohio following heavy rainfall from the remnants of Hugo on the afternoon of September 22. [8][84] Generally 6–9 in (150–230 mm) of rain fell across the Virgin Islands, peaking at 11.2 in (280 mm) at Hams Bluff Light in northwestern Saint Croix. [29] Banks, courts, government offices, and schools were also closed throughout the region. [125], After becoming extratropical, the remnants of Hugo entered Canada into the province of Ontario. [11] By this juncture, the broader weather patterns that steered Hugo had changed: the Azores High became a dominant influence north of the hurricane and an upper-level low emerged over Georgia. At 2 a.m. the storm was located approximately halfway between Charleston and Sumter, SC, with maximum sustained winds estimated around 85 knots (100 mph). [52] The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) dispatched a C-141 airlifter with government relief workers and communications equipment to Saint Croix. Still standing timber that appeared usable for lumber and plywood frequently had annular separations of the rings that made them dangerous to saw and nearly impossible to cut into plies, so they were also downgraded into pulpwood, leading to such a drop in pulpwood prices that eventually much of the salvage effort ceased. Hurricane Laura and the Wind Speed Dilemma. Publications on Hurricane Hugo's Impacts and Effects. [103] As protective sand dunes were whittled down by the hurricane, beaches along 150 mi (240 km) of the coastal Carolinas recessed 50–200 ft (15–61 m) inland. [32] Approximately half of Pointe-a-Pitre, Guadeloupe's largest city, was destroyed. [103] Another 420 people were injured throughout the state. The strongest wind recorded on Puerto Rico's main island was documented at Roosevelt Roads Naval Station, which reported a peak sustained wind of 104 mph (167 km/h) punctuated by a 120 mph (193 km/h) wind gust. I managed to watch a few minutes of local news via antenna informing me how bad conditions were overnight across South Carolina and into the city of Charlotte about 50 miles away. Charlotte, NC: This city was forever changed by Hugo which was still packing hurricane-force wind gusts nearly 200 miles from the ocean. There was a 14 percent increase in traffic accidents in Charleston in the wake of the hurricane. [48] Parts of the Georgia and North Carolina coasts also evacuated ahead of Hugo. Although I didn't personally witness rotation or any tornado-like lowering of the cloud base, I later saw signs of many short-lived tornado touchdowns where every tree was either uprooted or snapped off 10 to 20 feet above the ground. [8], Hugo's encounter with Puerto Rico weakened the storm substantially: its eye became ill-defined in satellite imagery and its winds had diminished to around 100 mph (155 km/h). We have absolutely no protection.". As I rolled down the hill just a thousand feet from my station, I came to the first intersection. [2] Across the Carolinas, Hugo's winds increased the quantity of downed brush, timber, and debris by up to 15 times their normal amounts, significantly increasing the risk of wildfires throughout the region. [63] Hugo ruined 80 percent of the island's banana crop and interrupted water supplies. Many, many historic photos of damaged structures from Hurricanes Hugo and Hazel in the beach communities of Georgetown County and nearby Horry County, SC. The 400-foot (120 m) tall WSOC-TV antenna collapsed onto the television station below. Without Hugo, I might still be swimming. Page Created: September 16, 2014 Lake Moultrie was competely inside Hugo's large eye in this image. [22] Disaster preparedness plans were set into motion by Martinique's government ministries, dispatching crews to board windows and secure buildings. Over 100 buildings suffered heavy structural damage or completely collapsed. That's the largest jump in wind speed in October since Hurricane Wilma in 2005, the last major hurricane to strike Cancun. [156] The low species richness of mangrove forests was found to a contributing factor to Hugo's damage upon vegetation. Of the many interests I had (astronomy, meteorology, gardening, baseball, and more) meteorology already had risen to the top. [86], The eye of Hugo passed over Saint Croix at 06:00 UTC on September 18 (02:00 a.m. It affected the states of Idaho, Missouri, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, North Carolina and West Virginia. Some banana plantations near Macouba were damaged, though wind-related damage in Martinique was otherwise minimal. The famous Atlantic House restaurant was destroyed. As the hurricane accelerated away from Puerto Rico, it became better organized and its eye became increasingly well defined. The steering currents aloft made it clear Hugo would be driven directly into South Carolina. Sure enough, Hugo came ashore on midnight 22 September 1989 just north of Charleston, SC and accelerated inland at 35 mph. The types of surface measurements available are discussed. In western parts of Massachusetts, some apple orchards reported damage to as much as 30 percent of their crops. Hurricane Hugo (September, 1989) ... > Max. [101] Every building on the two islands took damage from the hurricane. Debris from destroyed homes piled atop streets along the island's south end. My sister had turned our house into something of a zoo, with various pets (hamsters, turtles, rabbits, a cat and a dog). Declines in the populations of certain bird species were also noted in Saint John. [54] The damage toll in Dominica totaled $20 million. Daily Temp and Precip Summary Yes I still have it, and squirm every time I see myself standing there in my short-short tennis shorts and tube socks. [31] Oil tanks at the refinery were damaged, leaving the entire facility incapacitated. (10.5 to 12.5 microns). Mt. [70] A station in Gardel documented 3.66 in (93 mm) of rain in one hour. In the entire Hurricane Hugo impact area not a single anemometer was at standard height; the readings from [28] The crews were tasked with sheltering the homeless, restoring electricity service, and clearing roads. [106] Naval Weapons Station Charleston sustained $95–$100 million in damage. Hurricane Hugo not only increased the calls for service on the arrival day but also during an extended period thereafter. [38]:1A Poor maintenance had left the dam vulnerable to a larger catastrophe; however, Hugo's rainfall was ultimately less than forecast. [101][83] Over one-third of all timber in the state was damaged,[101] with the damage most extensive near the coast and locations that were northeast of Hugo's eye as it moved across the state. Benthic invertebrates experienced a 97% decrease in population density but recovered to pre-storm levels in three months. Strong winds were also reported in Newfoundland, with gusts recorded up to 43 mph (69 km/h). Social Media Feeds Hurricane Hugo was a powerful Cape Verde tropical cyclone that inflicted widespread damage across the northeastern Caribbean and the Southeastern United States in September 1989. Storm surge of 3 to 4 feet was experienced by the BVI and wave height activity of 9 to 12 feet was observed in some areas. Daily visible and infrared satellite images from NOAA's polar orbiting satellites are presented here. Video during Hurricane Hugo from Wrightsville Beach, NC, from WSOC-TV (ABC) Channel 9 in Charlotte, NC. 1999 Weather Channel Atmospheres special presentation looking back at Hurricane Hugo. There were at least 39 fatalities during the post-storm recovery phase; more people died in South Carolina in the hurricane's aftermath than during its passage. [83][86] Two hundred landslides occurred in Puerto Rico, with the largest of these transporting 40,000 m3 (1,400,000 cu ft) of debris into a river. [122] The winds piled boats together and destroyed or damaged thousands of them in Lake Norman, located north of Charlotte. [116] The NOAA classified wind damage as "extensive" in 15 counties. [2] Hugo's surge spilled over The Battery and overtook the first floors of homes in downtown Charleston. Total property and crop damage in Connecticut amounted to at least $50,000. [104] Across eight counties, manufacturers incurred $158 million in damage to factories and $750 million in inventory and income losses. As late as 7:00 a.m. we still had power although our cable TV service was already a casuality of the storm. Trees were uprooted, houses were crushed, and lives were lost. In newspaper reports published on September 23, 1989, Horry County administrator M. L. Love said "Garden City for all practical purposes is gone." Anemometer located near W. Catawba Avenue about 1.5 miles west of Cornelius. My father had dropped by after his overnight shift at The State Newspaper to check on us. Hurricane Hugo was one of the costliest and most intense hurricanes ever to hit the United States, let alone the Carolinas. The alert went out and we set up hour-long weather specials at WBTV in advance of the storm to warn people of the unusual circumstances. [52] Debris blocked 70 percent of roads. [31] Debris in the forest blocked Puerto Rico Highway 191 and strong winds unroofed the local headquarters of the United States Forest Service. [106] All coastal state parks with the exception of Hunting Island and Edisto Beach sustained significant damage. [25] Although warnings from the NHC afforded ample time for preparations, shelters were required to be provisioned longer than in typical hurricanes. Thirty percent of fishing vessels were also damaged by the hurricane, equating to thousands of boats. These surge-battered forests were devoid of insects and terrestrial vertebrates for six months, though their populations were well-below pre-storm levels. Official Government Reports and Summaries on Hurricane Hugo. Since this is a copyrighted work only a few pages have been reproduced here. NWS Product Guide [46]:A1 Public schools were closed in Chatham County, Georgia, to allocate school buses for the evacuation of barrier islands. [102] At Shaw Air Force Base near Sumter, 200 homes were destroyed and 1,000 sustained heavy damage;[121] the property damage toll for Sumter County was $237 million. WSR-57 radar image from Wilmington at 1:14 AM EDT (0514 UTC) on Sep 22, 1989. [50] Accurate forecasts from the NHC and the resulting narrow scope of evacuations allowed the evacuations to "[proceed] as smoothly as could be expected", and contraflow traffic patterns were not required for those departing Charleston via Interstate 26. [28][6]:A5 On September 18, Puerto Rican Governor Rafael Hernández Colón ordered a shutdown of the island's electric grid to mitigate damage. My first job was just west of Pittsburgh at WTOV in Steubenville, OH. [44] The mayor of Charleston, Joseph P. Riley Jr., called Hugo "an extraordinarily dangerous event, [...] the likes of which few people who have lived all their lives in Charleston have experienced. [8] Rainfall on the Caribbean islands averaged between 5–10 in (125–250 mm). [54] This equated to 32 percent of the country's gross domestic product. Some sources provide disparate fatality figures; A major hurricane is a storm that ranks as Category 3 or higher on the. Hugo: Catalyst for Change. [70] However, the storm's trajectory relative to Guadeloupe prevented a more damaging surge event from occurring. [99] Fallen power lines and damage to over 120 homes marooned the mayor of Arroyo and several others;[39]:14A the municipality had been struck by waves 35 ft (11 m) high. As a result of the storm, blackouts and car accidents were reported in Toronto. [149], Puerto Rican Governor Hernandez Colón solicited a disaster declaration for Puerto Rico from President Bush after surveying the damage wrought by Hugo. The homes of more than 200,000 families nationwide were damaged or destroyed; 129,687 families were affected in the Carolinas and 87,700 families were affected in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Using the wind radar map, you can predict the wind direction and check where the gusty wind is. The damage toll in Guadeloupe amounted to $880 million. NWS Wilmington Radar So from that standpoint I was able to talk somewhat intelligently about the impending weather. By the morning of September 10th the system displayed enough organization on satellite imagery that it was classified as a tropical depression, the eleventh one of the 1989 Hurricane Season. [64] The island's reduced radio capabilities were augmented by HMS Alacrity when she arrived in Plymouth on September 18. The endangered Red-cockaded Woodpeckers lost much of their habitat in the Francis Marion National Forest. (1997). [38]:4A A mobile home park in Loíza, one of the few in Puerto Rico, was wiped out by the storm surge and strong winds. By noon of Sept. 13, Hugo had grown more dangerous still, its winds increasing to hurricane status. [72]:12 Emergency supplies from Paris were gathered by Catholic Air and Red Cross. NOAA in the Carolinas Good summary page on the storm, including the transcript of an interview with Charleston mayor Joe Riley. Hurricane Hugo rushed ashore near midnight on Sept. 21-22, 1989, carrying a blow so staggering the mammoth storm still generates talk 27 years later. [64] Damage to highways in Puerto Rico amounted to $40 million, though only one bridge required closure for repairs. Details and Storm Track information of the Hurricane Hugo in 1989 with Wind Speed, Track, Pressure and Status information. I don't remember how long the power was out. The storm became slightly disorganized as it continued on its westward track, and the maximum sustained wind speeds fell to 90 mph. Questions? [102] Berkeley, Clarendon, Florence, Lee, Sumter, and Williamsburg counties each experienced damage to more than 90 percent of timberland. Marine [21]:4 Most houses on the island were razed or seriously damaged, displacing 11,000 of Montserrat's 12,000 residents. Graphical [66] Eleven people were killed in the Netherlands Antilles and caused $50 million in damage there. [8] Elsewhere along the South Carolina coast, Hugo produced storm tides as high as 20 ft (6.1 m). Floods there swamped homes and the downtown area of Roan Mountain. [122] Rainfall totals of 1–4 in (25–102 mm) occurred throughout southwestern Virginia, with a maximum of 6.5 in (170 mm) in Hillsville, Virginia. [53] Homes, government buildings, and trees were damaged by the storm. In Hurricane Hugo continuous recordings of wind speed and direction were made at two coastal locations, the Charleston Naval Base, at a height of 36 m in suburban terrain, and Myr tle Beach Air Force Base, at a height of 3 m in open terrain. Hurricane Hugo Old Footage from 1989 after the storm. [3] Equipment from the continental U.S. for the restoration of Puerto Rican water supplies arrived beginning on September 22, with the capacity to produce over 200,000 gallons (760,000 liters) of potable water daily. High water and washouts forced the closure of U.S. Route 42 and Ohio State Route 94 in Medina County. This tabulation only includes direct fatalities associated with the hurricane's forces. Pavement was scoured off the roads by the storm surge. Regional Temps and Precipitation Holden Beach and Yaupon Beach, NC: At least 25 beachfront homes were damaged, and in some places 50 feet of beach was lost according to the Wilmington Star-News. The hurricane's impacts continued into the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico, causing over $1 billion in damage. [52] Sint Eustatius and Saba of the Netherlands Antilles lost much of their vegetation. [3] Flash floods occurred near the Pitahaya and Espíritu Santo rivers. A NOAA hurricane reconnaissance crew (NOAA 42) endured a near disastrous surveillance flight as they flew into the then Category 5 hurricane, Hurricane Hugo, at 1,500 ft (457.2 m). At this time, a reconnaissance aircraft reached the hurricane several hundred miles east of the Leeward Islands and reported a central pressure of 918mb (hPa) and a wind speed of 256 km/h (~160mph). But somehow I made it. However, winds can remain at hurricane strength well inland, as evidenced by Hurricane Hugo in 1989, which hit Charlotte, North Carolina, 175 miles from the coast, with wind gusts of almost 100 mph. Roads blocked. [38]:1A Four international airports were closed that day and businesses began to fortify against Hugo's effects. These coastal extents were directly exposed to intense rainbands associated with Hugo. Although I had no way of knowing at the time, this was only a little higher than the 28.79 inch (975 millibar) minimum central pressure used by the National Hurricane Center in their 8 a.m. advisory as Hugo accelerated northward across Burke County, NC. [8] These winds unroofed homes and uprooted trees and power lines. When Hurricane Hugo hit South Carolina, it was a category four. Three hundred people were driven out of Carter County. [83][95] At Luquillo, the storm surge reached 8 ft (2.4 m), with waves atop the elevated waters reaching at least 10 ft (3.0 m). [150] Police were dispatched to retail areas, offices of political parties, and the main San Juan post office to avert looting. 7,400 residence in Verdun and West Island also lost electricity when tree fell on power lines; it was restored about 12 hours later. The surge and winds wrought extensive damage across South Carolina's barrier islands, destroying many beachfront homes and other coastal installations. The storm also devastated the Caribbean Islands of Guadeloupe, St. Croix, and Puerto Rico. Local Hazards Residents have been reminded to keep storm kits ready, and to … This turned out to be Hugo's maximum intensity. Hurricane Hugo was a Category 4 hurricane with wind speeds varying between 135 to 160 miles per hour, with its centre passing some 60 milers to the south of the BVI. As a result of high winds, power poles were toppled and tree branches fell, which caused most of New Brunswick's 15,000 power failures. [101] The Red Cross documented the destruction of 3,307 single-family homes and "major damage" to another 18,171. Beach erosion also occurred along Martinique beaches. This makes it the joint second most powerful Atlantic hurricane … The storm was about 180 miles east-southeast of … The outdoor grills were going strong and I must say, it created a real sense of community among our neighbors as we were all coming together to share food and check on each other’s needs. [155] The economy of South Carolina continued to grow after Hugo, though some sectors did not benefit from recovery efforts. Local Observations (List) [91] Flooding was mostly limited to the northeastern corner of Puerto Rico and in San Juan where rainfall was heaviest. National Guard helped provide much-needed safe water at a James Island shopping center after Hurricane Hugo. "[2], Parts of Southwest Virginia were also impacted by the core of strong winds associated with Hugo, which passed through the state as a tropical storm. [52][61] A fifth of the country was rendered homeless and the entire populace lost power and water. Next up was 1989, and a new storm was developing in the Atlantic Basin. Office Newsletter Bulls Bay just north of Mt. Hugo was still a powerful hurricane centered midway between Manning and Columbia, SC. Enhanced National Radar Rationing on petroleum was enforced, with a limit of four gallons (15 liters) per person. Observations Map My last memory is probably of the endless sounds of chainsaws you could hear for days and days after the storm. †Dataset in shapefile format only (delivered as a .zip file) ‡ Dataset in shapefile and kml/kmz formats * Probabilistic Storm Surge is available when U.S. Hurricane Watches/Warnings are in effect ‡ • Wind Speed Probabilities (WSP) This dataset is available in shapefile and kml/kmz formats. [8] Storm surge along the coast of North Carolina west of Cape Fear reached 9 ft (2.7 m) above mean sea level. !’ We have very few windows on the news operations level of our building. When Tim was 13 years old, he was a competitive swimmer who was considered one of the top United States competitors for the 400-meter freestyle. Hurricane Irma is making her way through the Caribbean, heading straight towards the U.S., and many Charlotteans are remembering a similar hurricane that struck the Carolinas back in 1989. Credit NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division, One-minute imagery from Charleston's WSR-57 radar as Hugo made landfall. Hurricane Digital Collection from Georgetown County, SC. Landfall occurred at midnight September 22, 1989 near Sullivan's Island, SC. Devastated groves of pine trees were characteristic of the hurricane's impacts, in addition to numerous unroofed homes and cotton crops injured by the winds and rain. Diploma earned. National Weather Service Charleston, SC Hurricane Hugo. [107], Three days after the storm hit, the Governor of the United States Virgin Islands Alexander Farrelly asked President Bush for federal assistance in restoring order to the island. Waterborne illnesses in Hugo's aftermath proved fatal in Montserrat. Churches and other private non-profit groups managed replacement housing for Hugo victims in at least four South Carolina counties whose governments lacked such capabilities. Science and Technology, Office Programs So they, too, had to be "safe" in the hallway with us. [27] Insured property damage in the contiguous U.S. reached $3.042 billion according to the American Insurance Association, with another $1.881 billion in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The windows rattled loudly and constantly for hours. It would be given the name: Hugo. Hugo ripped holes in mobile homes and snapped in half entire forests of pine trees, many in … [27] Most of the 166 shelters opened in Puerto Rico were public schools. An immense salvage effort was undertaken to harvest downed pine trees for pulpwood before they deteriorated to the point where they could not be used. [38]:4A, Guadeloupe sustained the heaviest impacts among the Leeward Islands from Hugo. [31] U.S. Coast Guard C-130s and two cutters were sent to San Juan to render aid and deliver supplies. 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